Sudanese Armed Forces Regain Control of Khartoum Amid Ongoing Humanitarian Crisis

On March 21, 2025, two years post the onset of a devastating war, the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and allies announced they had regained control of the presidential palace and all government buildings in Khartoum from the Rapid Support Forces (RSF). This shift is characterized as a significant turning point in the conflict, marking a substantial strategic victory for the SAF, particularly in central Sudan. The offensive, which began in late September 2024, strategically encircled and brought the RSF into a defensive posture within the capital. However, despite the SAF's military advancements, the humanitarian situation in Sudan remains dire. The ongoing conflict has led to tens of thousands of deaths and displaced millions, pushing half of the population into extreme hunger. The London conference aimed at addressing this humanitarian catastrophe, however, failed to yield diplomatic progress towards peace. While the African Union and various Western governments are advocating for a cessation of hostilities, escalated fighting persists, particularly in regions like Darfur. Critics of the conference, including aid organizations like Avaaz, argue that it did not sufficiently address the urgent needs of those affected by the ongoing violence, reflected the ineffective approach to international diplomacy, and highlighted the lack of genuine engagement with the primary combatants in the conflict. The conference participants pledged substantial funds to support humanitarian efforts; however, with no representatives from Sudan present and limited international leverage over regional powers influencing the conflict, doubts remain about its effectiveness. As inter-communal violence and military engagements continue, the future of Sudan rests heavily upon renewed international efforts and collaboration between local and foreign stakeholders.