Poland's Asylum Policy Change: Security Measure or Rights Infringement?

Poland has imposed a 60-day restriction on asylum applications at its border with Belarus, beginning March 27, citing security concerns related to perceived migration instrumentalisation from Belarus, a close ally of Russia. President Andrzej Duda signed this amendment to potentially suspend asylum applications in situations where migration threatens national security. This decision comes amid heightened geopolitical tensions, notably in the context of the ongoing conflict in Ukraine. While Polish authorities argue this measure is necessary for security, the move has garnered criticism from human rights organizations which argue that it violates both domestic and international laws related to asylum and could have negative consequences for vulnerable individuals seeking protection. These critiques highlight potential human rights concerns, reinforcing the divide between national security and humanitarian considerations in migration policies. President Donald Trump’s previous policies to tackle the Ukraine war have added to Poland's security apprehensions, prompting the government to consider nuclear deterrence seriously. Poland has also refused to accept asylum seekers returned by other EU nations as per the Dublin Regulation, reinforcing its go-it-alone stance. This policy direction, buoyed by the EU-endorsed tougher migration strategies aimed at countering hostile use of migration, has become mainstream within EU leadership debates, reflecting widespread political support across the region amidst preparation for Poland's 2025 elections. This development is crucial as it shapes Poland’s domestic and international political landscape, showcasing a trend towards increasingly stringent border control measures. However, this approach risks setting a precedent that could alter the foundational values of the EU, pushing the boundaries of what is deemed acceptable under asylum law.